Penilaian Kualitas Perumahan Publik: Survei Kepuasan Penghuni dan Kebutuhan Perbaikan
Public Housing Quality Assessment: Resident Satisfaction Survey and Improvement Needs
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat kepuasan penghuni terhadap kualitas perumahan publik dan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan perbaikan berdasarkan hasil survei di beberapa kota besar di Indonesia. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif, data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner kepada 150 penghuni perumahan publik. Instrumen penelitian diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dengan hasil yang menunjukkan tingkat keandalan yang baik. Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif untuk mengetahui persepsi penghuni terhadap berbagai variabel, seperti kualitas fisik bangunan, fasilitas umum, lingkungan sosial, dan pelayanan pengelola.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas fisik bangunan memberikan pengaruh yang besar terhadap kepuasan penghuni, terutama pada aspek struktur bangunan, material, instalasi listrik dan air, serta pencahayaan dan ventilasi. Fasilitas umum, lingkungan sosial yang kondusif, dan pelayanan pengelola juga berkontribusi terhadap terciptanya kenyamanan dan loyalitas penghuni. Walaupun sebagian besar penghuni merasa cukup puas, mereka tetap menyampaikan kebutuhan akan perbaikan fasilitas dan layanan yang lebih baik.
Kepuasan penghuni secara keseluruhan merupakan hasil dari penilaian mereka terhadap semua faktor tersebut. Penghuni yang merasa puas cenderung memiliki loyalitas tinggi terhadap tempat tinggalnya, sedangkan ketidakpuasan dapat mempengaruhi keputusan mereka untuk bertahan atau pindah. Oleh karena itu, peningkatan kualitas perumahan publik harus menjadi perhatian utama pengelola dan pemerintah. Evaluasi berkala berbasis persepsi penghuni menjadi langkah penting dalam menjaga kualitas dan keberlanjutan perumahan publik di Indonesia.
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