Effect of a Simulation-Based Educational Video on Menarche Readiness Among Fourth-Grade Girls in Yogyakarta
Abstract
Introduction: Menarche is a key biopsychosocial milestone in early adolescence, yet many young girls experience it with limited knowledge and emotional readiness due to inadequate, age-appropriate reproductive health education. This lack of readiness stems from insufficient understanding, limited information provided by parents and teachers, and suboptimal reproductive health education in schools. Providing education that is both comprehensive and age-appropriate about the physical and emotional changes of puberty is essential to help reduce fear, correct misconceptions, and lessen the stigma associated with menstruation.
Methods: The study aimed to analyze the effect of simulation-based video media on adolescent readiness to face menarche. This study employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The sample comprised 54 fourth-grade female students within elementary school, selected via total sampling. The research instrument was a questionnaire assessing readiness to face menarche. The intervention video presented realistic scenarios depicting the physical and emotional experiences associated with menarche, including hygiene management and coping strategies for discomfort, to support both cognitive and affective learning.
Results: The analysis revealed an increase in readiness scores following the intervention, with a pretest mean of 15.44 and a posttest mean of 18.40. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of simulation-based video media on adolescent readiness to face menarche. Simulation-based video media effectively enhances adolescent readiness to face menarche and serves as a viable alternative for reproductive health education in elementary schools.
Conclusion: This media can be implemented as an effective and practical method for delivering reproductive health education in primary school settings. It also serves as a feasible tool to support adolescents’ preparation for menarche by improving their readiness and understanding of this developmental milestone.
References
Nasiri, S., Dolatian, M., Ramezani Tehrani, F., Alavi Majd, H., & Bagheri, A. (2022). The relationship between social determinants of health and girls’ age at menarche based on the World Health Organization model: Path analysis. Heliyon, 8(10), e10794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10794
Chandra-Mouli, V., & Patel, S. V. (2020). Mapping the knowledge and understanding of menarche, menstrual hygiene and menstrual health among adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries. In C. Bobel et al. (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of critical menstruation studies (pp. 609–636). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0614-7_46
Shannon, A. K., Schwab, K. J., & Id, J. H. (2019). Women’s and girls’ experiences of menstruation in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review and qualitative metasynthesis. PLOS Medicine, 16(6), 1–40. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002803
World Health Organization. (2018). Adolescent health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/adolescent-health
UNICEF Indonesia. (2021). Profil remaja 2021. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/media/9546/file/Profil%20Remaja.pdf
Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Merancang masa depan anak remaja sejak dini. https://kesprimkom.kemkes.go.id/assets/uploads/contents/others/Warta_Kesmas_Edisi_01_Tahun_2023.pdf
Sudikno, S., & Sandjaja, S. (2022). Usia menarche perempuan Indonesia semakin muda: Hasil analisis Riskesdas 2010. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.22435/kespro.v10i2.2568.163-171
Hafni, R., Elmiyati, & Aslinar. (2025). Tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan reproduksi pada remaja di SMAN Unggul Tunas Bangsa Aceh Barat Daya. Future Academia, 3(4), 1623–1633. https://doi.org/10.61579/future.v3i4.675
Brix, N., Ernst, A., Lauridsen, L. L. B., Parner, E. T., Arah, O. A., Olsen, J., et al. (2020). Risk of selection bias due to non-participation in a cohort study on pubertal timing. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology, 34(6), 668–677. https://doi.org/10.1111/ppe.12679
Asumah, M. N., Abubakari, A., & Gariba, A. (2022). Schools’ preparedness for menstrual hygiene management: A descriptive cross-sectional study in the West Gonja Municipality, Savannah Region of Ghana. BMJ Open, 12(4), e056526. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056526
Aventin, Á., Gough, A., McShane, T., Gillespie, K., O’Hare, L., Young, H., et al. (2020). Engaging parents in digital sexual and reproductive health education: Evidence from the JACK trial. Reproductive Health, 17, 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-00975-y
Ghadirzadeh, E., Moosazadeh, M., Shakeriastani, K., Zarrinkamar, M., Gheibi, M., Elyasi, F., & Geran, M. (2025). The association between age at menarche and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology, 100, 100695. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2025.100695
Lawn, R. B., Sallis, H. M., Wootton, R. E., Taylor, A. E., Demange, P., Fraser, A., et al. (2020). The effects of age at menarche and first sexual intercourse on reproductive and behavioural outcomes: A Mendelian randomization study. PLOS ONE, 15(6), e0234488. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234488
Astuti, W. A., Kurniawati, H. F., & Tyas, D. N. F. N. (2019). Studi tentang pola asuh, pusat informasi dan konseling kesehatan reproduksi remaja (PIK-KRR) dan kejadian kehamilan remaja. Jurnal Ilmiah Bidan, 4(1), 36–47. https://doi.org/10.61720/jib.v4i1.133
Wilson, L. F., & Mishra, G. D. (2016). Age at menarche, level of education, parity and the risk of hysterectomy: A systematic review and meta-analyses of population-based observational studies. PLOS ONE, 11(3), e0151398. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151398
Rahmaddiansyah, R., Rusti, S., & Fettriwanti, F. (2023). Upaya peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi remaja pada pelajar SMP Negeri 1 Batang Kapas Kabupaten Pesisir Selatan. Buletin Ilmiah Nagari Membangun, 6(4), 331–341. https://doi.org/10.25077/bina.v7i4.541
Rokhmah, N. L., Astuti, A. W., Ernawati, D., Anggraeni, W. S., & Sewoko, E. (2022). Pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi remaja: A scoping review. Jakiyah, 7(1), 12–26. https://doi.org/10.35721/jakiyah.v7i1.139
Astuti, A. W., & Kurniawati, H. F. (2021). The intersection between health and culture: A qualitative exploratory study about Indonesian adolescents’ sexual reproductive health services. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences, 15(3), 1147–1152. https://pjmhsonline.com/2021/march/1147.pdf
Rahma, M., Sanusi, A., & Koswara, N. (2021). Manajemen kesehatan reproduksi remaja. Jurnal Bidan Midwife, 8(2), 122–129. https://doi.org/10.37402/jurbidhip.vol8.iss2.143
Nova, W. I., & Astuti, A. W. (2024). Reproductive health education strategies for preparing children for menarche: A scoping review. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 9(2), 20–29. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v9i2.2797
Rahmandani, S. N., Idris, M., & Ayurachmawati, P. (2022). Pengembangan video pembelajaran membaca permulaan untuk siswa kelas I SD Negeri 90 Palembang. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 4(4), 1545–1550. https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v4i4.5571
Crankshaw, T. L., Strauss, M., & Gumede, B. (2020). Menstrual health management and schooling experience among female learners in Gauteng, South Africa: A mixed method study. Reproductive Health, 17(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-020-0896-1
Jannati, S. H., Astuti, A. W., & Ernawati, D. (2022). The implementation of youth reproductive health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Aisyah: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 7(2), 569–574. https://doi.org/10.30604/jika.v7i2.1004
Kurniawati, H. F., & Astuti, A. W. (2020). Studi kualitatif tentang pelayanan kesehatan reproduksi remaja: Perspektif remaja, ibu muda, dan petugas pelayanan. Midwifery Journal, 5(2), 110–120. https://journal.ummat.ac.id/index.php/MJ/article/view/1167/pdf
Rusyanti, S. (2023). Media video berpengaruh terhadap kesiapan remaja dalam menghadapi menstruasi pertama. Jurnal Obstetrika Sciencia, 5(2), 352–367. https://doi.org/10.55171/obs.v7i1.377
Tunnisya, K. (2024). The influence of video media on teenagers’ knowledge about menarche in primary school students. Journal of Nursing and Public Health, 12(2), 455–460. https://jurnal.unived.ac.id/index.php/jnph/article/view/7388
Mahmudah, N., & Daryanti, M. S. (2021). Kesiapan dalam menghadapi menarche pada siswi sekolah. Jurnal JKFT, 6(1), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.31000/jkft.v6i1.5350
Siregar, E. P., Andriani, N., Manjorang, B., Artiani, L., & Sembiring, N. (2025). Optimizing menarche readiness through video and leaflet health education interventions among primary school girls. Jurnal Kesehatan Perintis Indonesia, 9(2), 156–163. https://doi.org/10.34012/jkpi.v9i2.7357
Kumar, M. A., & N. S. (2024). Effect of video modeling with simulation on improving menstrual hygiene skills for adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Cureus, 16(6), e62847. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.62847
Adelia, P. A., Yuniza, Y., & Tamar, M. (2024). The influence of health education with animated videos on adolescents’ knowledge about menstruation. Masker Medika, 12(2), 309–316. https://doi.org/10.52523/maskermedika.v12i2.656
Nisa, S., Ardiansyah, F., Amandus, H., & Hardika, R. (2025). Effect of health education using animated video media and snakes and ladders game on girls’ readiness for menarche. International Journal of Health and Pharmaceutical, 5(2), 342–347. https://doi.org/10.51601/ijhp.v5i2.417
Anggraini, D. H., Ichwan, E. Y., & Sari, Y. (2021). Health promotion using animated videos to increase elementary students’ knowledge and readiness in dealing with menarche. Women, Midwives and Midwifery, 1(2), 16–24. https://doi.org/10.36749/wmm.1.2.16-24.2021
Sahu, M., & Kumar, A. V. (2023). The effectiveness of video-assisted teaching program on knowledge regarding puberty among girls in a selected school in Manamadurai, Sivagangai District, Tamil Nadu. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 11(12). https://www.ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2310358.pdf
Copyright (c) 2026 Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia retain the copyright of their work. The journal applies a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0), which grants the following rights:
-
Copyright Retention: Authors retain the copyright of their work, maintaining full control over their intellectual property without restrictions.
-
Right of First Publication: Authors grant the journal the right of first publication of their work. This ensures that the work is initially published and credited in Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia.
-
License to Share and Reuse: The work is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0, allowing others to copy, distribute, remix, and build upon the work for any purpose, even commercially, as long as proper credit is given to the authors, and any new creations are licensed under the same terms.
