Pengaruh Interval Penyiraman dan Dosis Pupuk terhadap Persentase Hidup Semai Acacia crassicarpa
Effect of Watering Interval and Fertilizer Dosage on the Survival Rate of Acacia crassicarpa Seedlings
Keywords:
Acacia crassicarpa, Interval Penyiraman, Dosisi Pemupukan, Persentase Hidup
Abstract
Climate change increases the risk of drought and threatens the success of forest rehabilitation by reducing seedling survival. This study aimed to determine the effects of watering interval and fertilizer dosage on the survival rate of Acacia crassicarpa seedlings under greenhouse conditions. The research was conducted at the Permanent Nursery, Faculty of Forestry, Tadulako University, using a completely randomized design arranged in a split-plot pattern. The main plot factor was watering interval (2, 4, and 6 days), and the subplot factor was NPK fertilizer dosage (0, 1.5, 3, and 4.5 g per seedling), with three replications and six seedlings per replicate (a total of 216 seedlings). Analysis of variance showed that watering interval (F = 6.30; p < 0.05) and fertilizer dosage (F = 50.65; p < 0.01) significantly affected seedling survival, whereas their interaction was not significant (F = 1.35; p > 0.05). The highest survival rate was obtained under a 4-day watering interval (81%) and a low fertilizer dosage of 1.5 g (94%), while higher fertilizer dosages (3 and 4.5 g) reduced survival to 55% and 33%, respectively. These findings indicate that A. crassicarpa seedling viability is sensitive to high fertilizer concentrations but performs optimally under moderate watering frequency, providing useful implications for silvicultural management in drought-prone tropical regions.
References
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Sarangi, S. K., Maji, B., Singh, S., Burman, D., Mandal, S., Sharma, D. K., Singh, U. S., Ismail, A. M., & Haefele, S. M. (2015). Improved nursery management further enhances the productivity of stress-tolerant rice varieties in coastal rainfed lowlands. Field Crops Research, 174, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.01.011
Sugesty, S., Kardiansyah, T., & Pratiwi, W. (2015). Potensi Acacia crassicarpa sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp Kertas untuk Hutan Tanaman Industri. Jurnal Selulosa, 5(01), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v5i01.75
Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2014). Plant Physiology. In Plants Physiology (Fifth). Sinauer Associates Inc. http://www.sinauer.com/media/wysiwyg/tocs/PlantPhysiology5.pdf
Turkan, S. (2011). Plant Responses to Drought and Salinity Stress: Developments in a Psot-Genomic Era (J. C. Kader & M. Delseny (eds.)). Elsevier.
Awang, K., Shukor, N. A. A., & Senin, L. (1995). Two-year Performance of Acacia crassicarpa Provenances at Serdang , Malaysia. 18(3), 177–181.
Brodribb, T. J., Holbrook, N. M., Edwards, E. J., & Gutiérrez, M. V. (2003). Relations between stomatal closure, leaf turgor and xylem vulnerability in eight tropical dry forest trees. Plant, Cell and Environment, 26(3), 443–450. https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-3040.2003.00975.X;JOURNAL:JOURNAL:13653040;REQUESTEDJOURNAL:JOURNAL:13653040;WGROUP:STRING:PUBLICATION
Darma, I. G. K. T., & Sumrahardi, A. (2001). Fungi yang Berasosiasi dengan Benih Acacia crassicarpa sesaat setelah Panen dan setelah Penyimpanan (Fungal Associated with Acacia crassicarpa Seeds Soon after Harvesting and after Storage). Journal of Tropical Forest Management, 7(2), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.7226/jmht.7.2.
Ducousso, M., Galiana, A., Chaix, G., & Prin, Y. (2004). Relative Infectivity of Two Pisolithus spp. Strains Inoculated to The Nitrogen-Fixing Legume Tree Acacia Crassicarpa A. Cunn. Ex Benth. in a Field Experiment in Madagascar. European Journal of Soil Biology, 40(3–4), 105–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2004.10.004
Farooq, M., Wahid, A., Kobayashi, N., Fujita, D., & Basra, S. M. A. (2009). Plant Drought Stress: Effects, Mechanisms and Management. Sustainable Agriculture, 29, 185–212. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_12
He, M., & Dijkstra, F. A. (2014). Drought Effect on Plant Nitrogen and Phosphorus: A Meta-Analysis. The New Phytologist, 204(4), 924–931. https://doi.org/10.1111/NPH.12952
Hossain, M. A., Wani, S. H., Bhattacharjee, S., & Burritt, D. J. (2016). Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants , Volume 1 (L. P. Tran (ed.); Vol. 1).
IPCC. (2001). Climate change 2001: The scientific basis. Contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change ( and C. A. J. (eds. . Houghton, J.T., Y. Ding, D.J. Griggs, M. Noguer, P.J. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell (ed.)). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1256/004316502320517344
Irawan, A., Hidayah, H. N., & Mindawati, N. (2019). Effect of drought stress treatment towards growth of seedlings of cempaka wasian, nantu, and mahoni. Jurnal Penelitian Kehutanan Wallacea, 8(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.18330/jwallacea.2019.vol8iss1pp39-45
Kozlowski, T. T., & Pallardy, S. G. (2002). Acclimation and Adaptive Responses of Woody Plants to Environmental Stresses. The Botanical ReviewBotanical Review, 68(2), 270–334.
Lambers, H., & Oliveira, R. S. (2019). Plant physiological ecology. In Plant Physiological Ecology. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29639-1
Lasheen, F. F., Negm, A. H., Hassan, S. E., Azab, E., Gobouri, A. A., & Hewidy, M. (2021). Nitrogen , Phosphorous , and Potassium Application Rate on the Young Seedling Growth of Salvadora persica. 1–10.
Liu, X., Fan, Y., Long, J., Wei, R., Kjelgren, R., Gong, C., & Zhao, J. (2013). Effects of Soil Water and Nitrogen Availability on Photosynthesis and Water Use Efficiency of Robinia pseudoacacia seedlings. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 25(3), 585–595. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60081-3
Makaza, W., & Khiari, L. (2023). Too Salty or Toxic for Use: A Tale of Starter Fertilizers in Agronomic Cropping Systems. Agronomy 2023, Vol. 13, Page 2690, 13(11), 2690. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY13112690
Marod, D., Kutintara, U., Tanaka, H., & Nakashizuka, T. (2004). Effects of Drought and Fire on Seedling Survival and Growth under Contrasting Light Conditions in a Seasonal Tropical Forest. Source: Journal of Vegetation Science, 15(5), 691–700. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3236596
Mazher, A. A. M., Mahgoub, M. H., El-rheem, K. M. A., & Zaghloul, S. M. (2012). Influence of Nile Compost Application on Growth , Flowering and Chemical Composition of Amaranthus tricolor under Different Irrigation Intervals. 12(6), 751–759. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2012.12.6.1751
Miah, M. A. Q., & Moula, M. G. (2019). Effect of NPK fertilizers on seedling growth of mangrove species. Journal of Bioscience and Agriculture Research, 20(1), 1687–1693. https://doi.org/10.18801/JBAR.200119.205
Mng’omba, S. A., Akinnifesi, F. K., Sileshi, G., Ajayi, O. C., Nyoka, B. I., & Jamnadass, R. (2011). Water application rate and frequency affect seedling survival and growth of Vangueria infausta and Persea americana. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(9), 1593–1599.
Palimbong, E., Ibrahim, I., Suba, R. B., & Kiswanto, K. (2023). Respon pertumbuhan Acacia crassicarpa A.Cunn. Ex Benth. terhadap pemberian pupuk cair yang berbeda di persemaian PT Mayawana Persada, Pontianak, Kalimantan Barat. ULIN: Jurnal Hutan Tropis, 7(1), 56. https://doi.org/10.32522/UJHT.V7I1.9717
Reddy, A. R., Chaitanya, K. V., & Vivekanandan, M. (2004). Drought-Induced Responses of Photosynthesis and Antioxidant Metabolism in Higher Plants. Journal of Plant Physiology, 161(11), 1189–1202. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2004.01.013
Sarangi, S. K., Maji, B., Singh, S., Burman, D., Mandal, S., Sharma, D. K., Singh, U. S., Ismail, A. M., & Haefele, S. M. (2015). Improved nursery management further enhances the productivity of stress-tolerant rice varieties in coastal rainfed lowlands. Field Crops Research, 174, 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.01.011
Sugesty, S., Kardiansyah, T., & Pratiwi, W. (2015). Potensi Acacia crassicarpa sebagai Bahan Baku Pulp Kertas untuk Hutan Tanaman Industri. Jurnal Selulosa, 5(01), 21–32. https://doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v5i01.75
Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2014). Plant Physiology. In Plants Physiology (Fifth). Sinauer Associates Inc. http://www.sinauer.com/media/wysiwyg/tocs/PlantPhysiology5.pdf
Turkan, S. (2011). Plant Responses to Drought and Salinity Stress: Developments in a Psot-Genomic Era (J. C. Kader & M. Delseny (eds.)). Elsevier.
